Endometrial Hyperplasia

Endometrial hyperplasia is the abnormal thickening of the uterine lining that occurs when estrogen continuously stimulates endometrial growth without the counterbalancing effects of progesterone. In PCOS, this happens because chronic anovulation means the body fails to produce the progesterone normally released after ovulation, leaving the endometrium exposed to unopposed estrogen stimulation month after month. Endometrial hyperplasia increases the risk of endometrial cancer approximately threefold in women with PCOS, making it critical to restore regular menstrual shedding through hormonal contraceptives, cyclic progesterone therapy, or ovulation restoration.